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Video bài nghe Market Leader Advanced – Unit 7: Finance – HocHay
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A. Where or when might you hear the questions below? Match the questions (1-6) to these situations (a-f).
| a) a company audit | 1. Yes, I have a question. What would you say about the fact that there are still many in the sector who are being paid an amount that is beyond the dreams of most people? |
| b) a meeting with a venture-capitalist firm | 2. So, with all due respect, Mrs Collins, what you’re really saying is you don’t think the country’s economy will improve until more jobs are created? |
| c) a job interview | 3. Do you think you could sum up your business idea in one minute? I mean, do you know exactly what kind of service you will be offering? |
| d) a TV interview | 4. Perhaps I’m not making myself clear. Have you any idea what these expense claims are for? |
| e) a talk on banking bonuses | 5. I wonder if you could tell us where you imagine yourself to be in five years’ time? |
| f) a political press conference | 6. I’ll rephrase the question, if I may. Our viewers would like to know at what point you realised that two million pounds had disappeared from the company’s pension fund. |
Đáp án:
1. e
2. f
3. b
4. a
5. c
6. d
B. Listen to four speakers in situations from Exercise A, dealing with probing questions. Match the strategies they use (a-g) to the speakers (1-4). Some strategies are used more than once.
Speaker 1
Speaker 2
Speaker 3
Speaker 4
a) paraphrasing the question to check understanding and/or play for time
b) dealing with an interruption in order to continue speaking
c) avoiding the question by referring to a higher authority
d) admitting it’s not the speaker’s area of expertise/interest
e) referring to a knowledgeable colleague or source
f) building rapport, e.g. asking the questioner to identify him/herself, referring to the questioner by name, etc.
g) answering the question the speaker wants to answer and not the question asked
Đáp án:
Speaker 1: b and c
Speaker 2: a and f
Speaker 3: a, f and g
Speaker 4: a, b, d and e
C. You are going to listen to a financier at a private equity firm giving a magazine interview called Any Questions?. What kinds of question do you think the interviewer will ask? Listen and check your answers. How were the interviewer’s questions phrased differently from yours?
Đáp án:
Suggested questions
What do you do exactly? I What do you do on a typical day?
How did you get into finance?
What aspect of your work do you enjoy the most/least?
How much do you earn? / Do you mind me asking how much you earn?
What are the secrets of your success?
What advice would you give …? etc.
Questions actually asked by the interviewer:
1. Do you think you could describe what you do in 10 words?
2. How do you think your personal assistant would describe you?
3. Did you ever predict you would end up where you are today?
4. I’d like to know who has been your biggest influence.
5. Can you tell me what’s the worst job you have ever done?
6. Would you mind telling me what’s the worst thing you’ve ever had to do at work?
7. I was wondering if you had any guilty pleasures.
8. What would you say was your number-one rule?
9. Have you ever lied at work?
10. Have you ever praised someone and not meant it?
11. How important is money to you?
12. If you hadn’t gone into finance, what would you have done?
13. I’d like to ask how you would like to be remembered.
D. Listen again and tick the expressions in the Useful language box below that the interviewer used. When do we use more indirect question forms?
Đáp án:
• Do you think you could describe your job in 10 words?
• Would you mind telling me what’s the worst thing you’ve ever had to do at work?
• I was wondering if you had any guilty pleasures?
• What would you say was your number-one rule?
• If you hadn’t been in business, have you any idea what would you have done?
• I’d like to ask how you would like to be remembered.
E. Listen again and complete some of the financier’s answers using no more than three words in each gap.
1. I ……….. and assess their management teams.
2. No. I’ve ……….. a great deal richer than I ever imagined. When I was a young lad,
I ……….. what I wanted to do and someone advised me ……….. private equity. Things just ……….. there, really.
3. ……….., without a doubt. He ……….. out of nothing.
4. ……….. I hate doing it, but sometimes it’s …………
5. It would have to be ……….. – I don’t do it very often and then I …………
6. As a loving husband and father who lived life …………
Đáp án:
1. evaluate investment proposals
2. ended up; had no idea; to go into; took off from
3. My grandfather; built himself up
4. Fire people; a necessary evil
5. taking it easy; feel guilty
6. to the full
Reading and Language Market Leader Advanced – Unit 7: Finance – HocHay
A. Which of these best summarises the headline of the article? Read the article quickly and check your answer.
a) How large bonuses led to the fall of investment banks
b) The end of incompetent banking as we know it
c) The collapse of the financial world because bankers couldn’t count
Đáp án:
c) The collapse of the financial world because bankers couldn’t count
B. The article was written by a former Chief Executive of Barclays Bank. Read it again and say which of these ideas are those of the writer. Which of the statements do you agree with?
1. As everyone knows, if a business runs out of money, it eventually goes bankrupt.
2. Despite banks being concerned about liquidity and borrowing money, they have no systems in place for managing their own cashflow.
3. The financial crisis arose not because consumer spending was out of control, nor because the banks were out of control, but because the government was spending too much money.
4. The fact that some investment bankers received more than £2m in bonuses in the 1990s is not only unacceptable but also incomprehensible.
5. Professionals in banking and financial services deserve to be paid 50 per cent of revenues.
6. It is shameful to think that neither shareholders nor bank directors were able to prevent the financial crisis of 2008-09.
Đáp án:
√ 1. (All businesspeople know that you can carry on for a while if you make no profits, but that if you run out of cash, you are toast. Bankers, as providers of cash to others, understand this well. (lines 14-19))
√ 2. (In general, banks have no measures of cashflow that work for banking. They do think about liquidity- can you borrow from other market participants, can you get money from the central bank? (lines 21-26))
X 3. (The article refers to banks spending money, but it does not name the government or consumers as such: … and in the mid-noughties, they [the banks] began to splash out. (lines 37-38); Not only has the industry and by extension societies that depend on it- been spending money that is no longer there, it has been giving away money that it only imagined it had in the first place. (lines 73-78))
X 4. (From my own experience, in the mid-nineties, no more than four or five employees of Barclays’ then investment bank were paid more than £1m, and no one got near £2m. (lines 54-59))
X 5. (How could they pay this imaginary wealth out in cash to their employees? Because they had no measure of cash flow to tell them they were idiots, and because everyone else was doing it. Paying out 50 per cent of revenues to staff had become the rule 000 (lines 81-88))
√ 6. (How did the shareholders let them get away with this? They were sitting on the gravy train too, enjoying the views from the observation car. How did the directors let it happen? Innumeracy and inability to understand accounts. How depressing the shame and folly of it all is, 000 (lines 90-97))
C. Match these definitions to the words and expressions in bold in the article.
1. are in trouble because of something you have done
2. an action that is very stupid and likely to have serious results
3. part of a company’s profits divided between people with shares in the company
4. when there is a lot of something bad, such as crime or disease, and it is very difficult to control
5. when a business or person has money or goods that can be sold to pay debts
6. extremely big
7. area in the centre of London with many banks and financial institutions
8. being part of an activity from which people can make money without much effort
9. attention or excitement that is usually unnecessary or unwelcome
10. used to say that something will end (informal)
11. go bankrupt
12. feeling of being publicly embarrassed because of something wrong you did
Đáp án:
1. are toast (line 17)
2. folly (line 97)
3. dividends (line 42)
4. rampant (line 101)
5. liquidity (line 23)
6. colossal (line 71)
7. the City (line 52)
8. sitting on the gravy train (line 92)
9. fuss (line 8)
10. means curtains (line 27)
11. go bust (line 72)
12. shame (line 97)
D. What do these multiword verbs mean in the article? What other meanings do you know for turn down, take off, give away, get away (with) and bring down?
1. carry on (line 15)
2. run out of (line 16)
3. turn down (line 27)
4. splash out (line 38)
5. take off (line 61)
6. pay out (line 64)
7. give away (line 77)
8. get away with (line 91)
9. bring down (line 99)
Đáp án:
Suggested answers
1. continue doing
2. use all of something and not have any left
3. refuse an offer, request or invitation
4. spend a lot of money on something
5. suddenly start being successful
6. pay or give money (literal meaning)
7. give something without asking for any money, rather than selling it to them)
8. not be caught or punished when you have done something wrong; also, get away with murder
9 cause the collapse of
E. Which of the multiword verbs in Exercise D don’t take an object? With verbs that do take an object, when does the order of the particle and object change?
Đáp án:
1. carry on(= continue doing something), e.g. you can carry on for a while (lines 14-15)
2. run out of, e.g. Time is running out. She ran out of the room. We say run out of before an object, e.g. if you run out of cash, you are toast (lines 16-17), She has run out of ideas.
3. splash out, e.g. they began to splash out (line 38) But we can say splash out on something, e.g. We splashed out on an expensive meal.
4. take off (= do well; leave), e.g. things began to take off (lines 60-61), He just took off five minutes ago. But we also say take something off (= remove), e.g. He took off his glasses.
5. get away (from) (=escape), e.g. The bank robbers got away. We’d like to get away this weekend. But we say get away with something, e.g. How did the shareholders let them get away with this? (lines 9G-91)
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